Showing posts with label colyne. Show all posts
Showing posts with label colyne. Show all posts

Tuesday, 30 June 2020

On the Bardic Arts: Correspondence between Master Hector and then Laird Colyne

----- Original Message -----
From: "Hector of the Black Height" <REDACTED>
To: Colyne Stewart< REDACTED >
Cc: < REDACTED >; < REDACTED >; < REDACTED >; < REDACTED >
Sent: Friday, September 06, 2002 8:10 PM
Subject: In response

Milord Colyne:

Please forgive my delay in responding; it's been a busy few days. I will discuss your specific poems in another message.

"Three lessons are plain to me..."

Good. It's important to look at our art and the effect it has, to learn from it and to drive on thereafter.

"First, the word of a Bard has power, sometimes more than s/he may realize..."

A valuable lesson indeed. To use Justinian Clarus' highest word of praise, "Truth".

"...this poem, inked to thank a group of fighters and their support staff, may help strengthen already strong ties with this House..."

That's a fringe benefit, and a splendid one, that falls out of the first lesson.

"Second, words know no boundaries...though they do not come from the same land as I, they respond to the words..."

Not one of the major lessons I saw, frankly, but an entirely valid one.

"...I cannot readily think of a third..."

It's all a question of how you look at life. And in my case, I'm a sententious son-of-a-dog and love to preach at people (ask any of my long-suffering kin) so my mind picks up these sorts of things. Navel-gazing, like poetry, improves with practice.

"I also think my first and second are kind of the same..."

Not entirely. The first lesson you saw is about the very real power you wield. The second is about the ability of the receiver to receive. Different directions of information flow entirely, o Voice of the Bear. Information, like water, flows. Be sensitive to that flow and you'll be able to harness its power far more effectively.

Now it's my turn. Let's go back to first principles and look at the message from Mjolnir that kicked off this exercise:

"in my opinion, we have received no better booty that this. Llallogan"

What a spectacular tribute to what you did, how you did it and even why. And thus these lessons leap to my mind.

First, one of these Mjolnir mercenaries, who have received some pretty nifty gifts from Septentria, likes your words best of all their booty.

People forget the value of word-fame. What you do as one of the two Bards of Septentria includes the creation of valuable gifts in service of your patrons and the Barony.

So what?

We need bards in service to the mighty. The mighty of our lands need bardic service to create truly magnificent gifts in aid of the war effort and other diplomatic initiatives, before and after the fact. And believe me, a selling point in SCA diplomacy is word-fame. The Qon used it all spring and summer. Examples like this get trotted out to potential allies. 'This is what we do. Join us and we will give you word-fame too.' Poetry in particular is portable in our web-connected society. It's a gift that travels widely, quickly and well.

We need to remember that poetry and prose are art, just as calligraphy, embroidery, gold-smithing and anything else you'd care to mention. Again, a poet's raw materials are cheap in terms of cash. That's a real advantage to leaders who want to achieve gold-and-rubies results on a brass-and-plastic budget. That's one big reason why I encourage all the high and mighty to patronize bards, poets, and whatever. Such patronage is a cost-effective approach to the exercise of a medieval style of nobility.

Patronage encourages an artist to actually do his or her art -- which leads to practice, which usually leads to better artistic quality, especially when the art is practiced in a co-operative and knowledgeable environment such as ours.

Patronage encourages the creation of art that in turn is injected into our living culture. It's an authentic medieval practice. It supports the prestige of the offices (the Crown, the Barony, even the Peerage and Royal Peerage) which in turn reinforces our group culture. And again, it does all these wonderful things and costs pennies. We live in the real world most of the week; cash cost is a real factor.

People crave word-fame. This is a period phenomenon. This also is psychologically positive. Your words affirmed the value of what Mjolnir does. This is an important part of the didactic quality of bardic arts. By praising certain behaviours we encourage those behaviours, both in those praised and in others who hear the praise. Thus do we reinforce the positive aspects of our culture. Thus do the bards shape the game.

The SCA ultimately is artificial. As an artificial social construct, how do we as members know what is and isn't appropriate conduct? Given the SCA's theme, we draw upon cultural archetypes from literature, mass media and our childhood memories of King Arthur stories. As participants we observe the behaviour of those around us at our first events (examples matter!). And, being children of the age of mass media, we listen. If people within the population pf the social construct sing us songs and tell praise tales of chivalry, courtesy and honour, we soon will come to the conclusion that
chivalry, courtesy and honour are Good Things in this place. Thus we are given role models to emulate.

The root word of "poetry", as I recall, is the Greek word "poaea" which means "making". In mechanical, literary terms the poetic impulse is purely creative (as opposed to the mimetic or didactic impulses). In the grand and glorious sweep of things, o Voice of the Bear, bardic arts are poetic,
creative. We help create the SCA with our words and images. We hand people ideas and say 'try these.' That is the power of the bard; in the broadest terms possible, we can shape others' games.

That is why it's so vital for us as the bardic community to get out there, especially among new people. We have a great opportunity and a profound ability to hand new people positive images. We can and do portray the SCA in its best light. I've said this for some years now; if I didn't haul out the tale, who'd tell the little children about Moonwulf's charge? Somebody had better, or we'll forget that amazing example of SCA ethics in action. And that would diminish the game.

We must not allow the game to diminish. We must preserve our cultural heritage, for that cultural heritage is the root and foundation of whatever successes we have achieved in our Barony and Kingdom. Why do you think Ealdormere works, Milord Colyne? Why do you think we brush up against people from all over the Known World who walk away changed, who maintain friendships from thousands of miles away, who return here again and again? Why do we play the best flavour of the great game in all the Known World? In part it's because we use bardic arts to create and maintain a vital, active, supportive and extremely positive culture (as the High Lady Gwerydd reminded me recently).

You said that this wonderful episode pointed out that "words know no boundaries". You're right, and that's a critical insight. But I think it's more than that also. It's more than just words. Concepts are understood universally (if not practiced universally, sad to say). We preach a game centred on respect, on co-operation and pride in ourselves and in each other. Listen to the words we sing:

"With our children as our future and our legends as our pride"

"My sword has won battles, my bow has won honour"

"You are true and destined King and my sword is by your side"

"Bow to the Crown and bow to the throne"

"For as long as one still stands, the North shall rise"

"Our power we extol; we are a river"

That's the party line, Milord, and more besides. That's what we teach our children it is to be Ealdormere. That's what we tell newbies. That's what we remind each other around the fire. That's what we scream into the faces of our foes on the field as we break them, and as they break us. Pride.
Respect. Celebration. Power. That is what we preach.

And then we practice it, and we achieve glory.

This is cultural engineering. We are building something magnificent and Mjolnir now is being sucked into that vortex of self-sustaining splendour, in no small part thanks to your words.

As a final lesson, art matters. Art matters a lot. Art is a major venue for generosity within our culture. Why are Corwyn and Domnhail Galbraith so amazingly generous? Because they are two of the most switched-on artists you will ever meet. They love to make art, to try new things, to learn, to get better at what they do. If they kept all their art they'd not have room to move in their house. So they give it away.

So do our amazing, wonderful, devoted and inspiring scribes.

In their own way, so do our chirurgeons.

So do our group marshals who coach baby fighters.

So do our bards, every time they open their mouths.

The list goes on and on.

[sic] They were your words, and they were better than all those magnificent things, according to a guy in a far land who'll never forget how Ealdormere says thank-you. We forget just how valuable a few minutes' scribbling can be to a reader or listener who finds something in your message. That recipient can find word-fame and immortality. Or affirmation. Or permission. Those all are profound gifts, perhaps permission most of all.

It's about generosity, Milord. Your words have given a great gift to those who found riches in unexpected places. They have taught a great lesson to foreigners. They confirm the fundamental worth of our culture, for what you have done is so clearly, utterly consistent with the ethics that underlie Ealdormere.

And finally, from an entirely petty and personal perspective, your words and their effect inspire me, challenge me and humble me. I think we need to talk about the use of period form and metre, you and I, but nobody needs speak to you about honesty and raw power. It's obvious you've got those sorted out.

eachuinn

Post scriptum: I am sending a copy of this message to my grand-daughter the Septentrian Arts and Sciences officer. She needs to see what's happening in the arts within the Barony.

I also am sending a copy to the King's Bard. She needs to see what results you're achieving, in order to best reinforce the College and thus the Kingdom.

And finally, I am sending copies to our Baron and my daughter our Baroness. They need to see what you are accomplishing; that too is part of patronage.

emgd



----- Original Message -----
From: "Hector of the Black Height" <REDACTED>
To: Colyne Stewart < REDACTED >
Sent: Saturday, September 07, 2002 2:31 AM
Subject: Let me address a couple of your points

O Voice of the Bear:

"I witnessed [REDACTED] do that this year at War at Garraed's Vigil (so you likely saw it too)...she [sic] a tale that held up to ridicule those who do not practise courtesy and chivalry."

I know the tale. I know its message. I understand its value.

At the same time, part of what we do, part of who we are as the Northern people, is our positive focus. There is a place for shame-singing. There also is a place for letting go, for forgiveness, for accentuating the positive.

Be careful with this dark concept. The so-called "Bardic Curse" is a double-edged sword and those edges are sharp. I have the scars, and a couple are far more fresh than I'd like to admit.

"I remember seeing you at Bad in Plaid, having learned that it was one good gentle's first event, taking him aside and telling him tales..."

Never underestimate the powerful draw of a new audience that hasn't heard all your old crap seventeen times...

But part of the SCA is the magic of myth and legend. And just because you're an Arthurian scholar doesn't mean you've heard all the legends fit to print. What about the Knighting of Kief and Bellatrix' Spur? What about Moonwulf's Charge? What about Eislinn's War? What about Palymar, Jafar and the best six fights never fought? What about the Tallest, Blondest Knight and even the Entire Midrealm Army?

The people around us carve legends into the living rock of a Kingdom. We just get to read the stones out loud.

I value those legends. I value our people and I am very proud of those people. I am selling Ealdormere to newbies; I have a great product to sell. It's fun switching somebody on to a whole new culture.

And that's also how you build a Kingdom's future, one new heart at a time.

"...the time you took Thorfinna and I aside, oh-so-green we were, and told us tales, and the importance of our new position of Baronialbards..."

I am a Laurel; I swore to my Queen and King to teach.

I am numbered among the bardagh: I have a joyous obligation to teach and spread my art.

I held the office you now share: as I respect the office, I owe you the courtesy of discussing my experiences therein.

I am from Ealdormere; as I teach I enrich the Kingdom.

I am a SCAdian; people taught me, so now I repay.

I am a father: by teaching others I ensure a strong and vibrant Kingdom will be there for my son to inhabit and enjoy.

"I agree...when we all have the same songs we become like one people..."

That's one of the things that unite us. There are others, but the songs are among the most obvious.

"I often hear of Kingdoms that do not sing and the very thought makes my heart weep..."

Yes and no. The Outlands drums. Calontir still sings, though less than they did once, I think. Northshield sings.

And we fight shoulder-to-shoulder, as a clan should fight, and the power of friendship, of kinship, unites the army too.

The SCA is a big place. There is room for many different unifying traits. However, some Kingdoms, some cultures, have no unifying trait and yes, I pity them too.

"I cannot imagine living in a land that did not sing (though I myself am a very poor singer)..."

Of course you can't imagine it. That's because any land you lived in you'd sing in. One voice matters. Ealdormere doesn't sing, it thunders. That's the sound of a people. That once was a lone voice, then a couple of voices, then a few, then many, and then we shook the Known World and we still do. One
voice matters. You can shake the world with one voice if you're patient and generous and joyous.

Honest.

Maybe those sad, silent Kingdoms haven't found a Colyne yet. Or a Thorfinna. Or a Hector. Or somebody else.

"...was I moved..."

Why? Because Marian's that good? Maybe (she is, of course).

Because she was one voice singing with joy about the truth she had seen and found? Maybe.

Maybe it was because in her history she acknowledged that so many individuals, working together, can create something utterly wonderful.

"...thank you..."

You're welcome.

Part of being a bard is being a true observer. You must observe truly the land and its people. You must observe your own interaction with the land and its people and frankly assess your effect, your power for good and your efficacy in wielding that power.

That's how you get better at what you do. That's how you best serve the
populace.

"I do indeed need to work more on reproducing a period style and wouldappreciate any input..."

Start with the toolbox. Got access to the Princeton Encyclopedia of Poetry and Poetics?

Your present style will slide nicely into Germanic poetry. You'll like a flexible syllable count.

"...like you, he thinks that there is a fundamental connection between bards and the shaping of our reality..."

We write the songs that make the whole world sing. We write the songs of love and special things. We write the songs that make the young girls cry. Yes, we ARE Barry Manilow.

Excuse me. It slipped out.

We teach. We remind. We cajole. Some day ask me about DragonsHeart Guard and Haakon's dinner. That's several essays in one story and, like all good stories of the SCA, every word is true.

"Tomorrow I head out for A Day in the Country...I hope to perhaps see you there..."

No guarantees, but if Calum's up for a pig roast we shall see.

"Again, many, many thanks for this missive..."

That's what I'm here for. And remember, I'm from Ealdormere. That's what we all do.

emgd

Thursday, 19 March 2015

Writing a Leich

By THLaird Colyne Stewart, March AS 49 (2015)

Wanting to write a poem about my squire-brother, HE Berend van der Eych, I first wanted to choose a proper genre. Berend, having a Dutch persona, would have grown up hearing the work of the minnesingers. I therefore chose to go with German poetics and settled on the priamel as my genre. Priamel were a type of German poem that threw around a lot of seemingly unrelated ideas until tying them together at the end. So the lines of this priamel throw out a lot of details about different stuff, but in the end we learn that it is all stuff that Berend has done.

While the genre of the poem is the priamel, the form I used is called leich. The leich was a lyric form, similar to the French descort, which was widely used between circa 1200 and 1350. Poems written as a leich were designed to be sung. It could use irregular stanza forms and could be non-repetitive (or it could use a standard stanza form and repeat verses). Regardless of its regularity or irregularity of stanzic form, it was isostrophic (which meant all stanzas conform to the first stanza). They generally had a lot of short rhyming units and could use different types of rhyme.

So I built a stanza form of two 8-syllable lines, followed by two lines of 7-syllables, two lines of 6-syllables, and ending with a line of 10-syllables. This is not a standard stanza form; I wanted to be able to enjoy the freedom of having the option of having an irregular stanza form. Due to the irregular line lengths I did not settle on any specific meter. The lines were rhyming couplets (AABBCC) while the last line (D) would rhyme with the last lines of the following stanzas. I decided to go with four stanzas, and split them equally in half (so two stanzas per half). I did include a little tiny bit of repetition by having the first three 10-syllable lines start with the same word (which I also decided to render in capital letters). I mainly used end-rhyme, though there is some alliteration in there too.

A knife so sharp it cuts the sun,
Bright glinting on the helmet done,
The hound baying at his heel,
The forks forged from shining steel,
Acorns grow in a field,
Rodent spread on his shield,
AND in his harness ventures forth to fight;
Soap he renders out of the fat,
Pounding rivets, pummeled, hammered flat,
The quill held in calloused hand,
Letters wrought, the small, the grand,
Mixing ink in white shell,
Pounding on training pell,
AND learning values from his worthy knight.

Reading all books that come to hand,
Behind the thrones of Royals stands,
Carves the meat in feasting hall,
Fearing not the weather’s squall,
Brewing beer, and sweet wine,
Walking through both oak, pine,
AND aids his squire-brothers as he can;
Teaching both in hall and the field,
His worth of measure well revealed,
Cooking over pit of fire,
Being knightly he ‘spires,
All these works by one soul,
Done not for writ or scroll,
THESE are the things that make a mighty man.



Writing a Shakespearean Sonnet

By THLaird Colyne Stewart

An early 16th century form, introduced and developed by other poets, but made most famous by Shakespeare. It consists of fourteen lines structured as three quatrains and a couplet. The third quatrain usually introduces an unexpected thematic twist (volta). In the sonnets written by Shakespeare the volta usually comes in the couplet and usually summarizes the theme of the poem or introduces a new look at the theme. The meter is almost always iambic pentameter. The usual rhyme scheme is abab, cdcd, efef, gg.

For my sonnet I decided to write about my belt-sister, HE Mahault of Swynford. Specifically, I wanted to talk about the wide and diverse service she has rendered to her kingdom over the years. Therefore, I decided to compare the kingdom to a grand hall, and talk about how her service had helped build it.

The pillars of the grandest house are built,
By deeds both great and small the bricks are laid,
And with hard work the walls and floors are gilt,
With blood and sweat the mighty mansion’s made.

In the second quatrain I compared her to the Roman goddess of abundance and prosperity and make mention of the hardships she has had to overcome.

The mason is Abundantia on earth,
Her toils in both hall and field are great,
Long laboured maiden held in deepest worth,
Who does not fear the fight with fickle fate.

My volta came in the third quatrain, where I switch perspective and talk about her willingness to express her heart, even if that opinion may be unpopular, and her propensity to champion the accomplishments of others. I again invoked a Roman goddess, this time one of forgiveness.

Clementia forgive her forthright voice,
Which rises in defense of those struck mute,
To honest live, herself to be, her choice,
Who can then dare to bold denounce her route?

For my closing couplet I went with a dedication.

So do I grace her gifting words I penned,
To sister, mentor, and my closest friend.

As a title I settled on Crossing for two reasons. The first is that her byname Swynford means “swine ford” (which is a crossing). It also refers to the people who have denounced her route over the years.

The final poem read as follows:


Crossings
Also for Mahault
By THLaird Colyne Stewart, February AS 49 (2015)

The pillars of the grandest house are built,
By deeds both great and small the bricks are laid,
And with hard work the walls and floors are gilt,
With blood and sweat the mighty mansion’s made.

The mason is Abundantia on earth,
Her toils in both hall and field are great,
Long laboured maiden held in deepest worth,
Who does not fear the fight with fickle fate.

Clementia forgive her forthright voice,
Which rises in defense of those struck mute,
To honest live, herself to be, her choice,
Who can then dare to bold denounce her route?

So do I grace her gifting words I penned,
To sister, mentor, and my closest friend.




Wednesday, 18 March 2015

Storytelling: The Art of Oral Recitation

By THLaird Colyne Stewart, March AS 49 (2015)

This article is to examine the art of storytelling within the SCA. It will strongly be coloured by my own experiences and exposure within (and outside) the Society, but I have tried to make it as broad as possible. The author is also thankful for the input of Kitta Mjoksiglandi in the writing of this article.

There are many aspects of storytelling this article could explore: how to write a story, how stories were told in period, how to tell a story, and so on. I think that is too much to try and cover in one article, so I will instead focus on one of those topics—namely, the act of reciting a story to an audience.

STORIES

Want to know how to find stories and where to tell them? Then read on!

Finding stories to tell (and giving proper credit)

As a storyteller, one of the first things you’re going to need to do is—of course—build a repertoire of stories. Where, you may ask, would one find such stories to tell? There are various places to go to find material to recite.

Firstly, there are period sources. Since we are a medieval re-enactment group, it only makes sense to learn to recite the same tales that may have been told in period. You can find these stories in various medieval books that are quite often freely available online. Duke Cariadoc of the Bow has compiled a great list of period sources in his article “In-persona Storytelling” (which is included in the Links below). As well as telling these invented tales, you could teach your audience bits of history by telling them about the Battle of Stirling Bridge, or the sack of Constantinople.

You could also learn stories that have been written by modern day bards within the SCA (or other re-enactment groups). Many bards have shared their stories online. However, when telling a tale written by someone else, it is only courteous to give that author credit. Though I doubt in period if a minstrel would bother giving credit for the song he just sung, in our modern world it is only polite to do. Also, when telling a story by an extant contemporary, you should try to stick to the original words as closely as possible.

Another option is to write your own material. You could write a story based on the exploits of someone you know, or write a fable, or mythologize your home group…the possibilities are quite endless. When writing your own story to tell you also have the option of making it as modern or as period in form as you desire.

What to tell when

Not all stories are appropriate at all times. A bawdy tale is great for around a rowdy campfire, but not necessarily apt for a dignified feast. Likewise, you may be at an in-persona circle that would not be so welcoming to a “no sh@t, there I was” type story. It is always important to gauge the crowd, see how they are reacting to the other performers, and use that information to help you choose what tale to tell. If the circle is fast-paced and lively, you may not want to tell a long, slow story (you may want to save that for a more sedate circle).

Where to tell your tales

When people think of bards performing in the SCA, often the first image that comes to mind is of the bardic circle around a campfire. And while this is indeed an excellent place to tell a story, it is far from the only available venue. The feast hall offers different options for the telling of a tale. You could tell a story to the entire hall, or to an individual table, or you could entertain the servers in-between removes.

You could also tell a tale during court (though this should only be done at the invitation of the Royalty or Nobility holding said court). At a camping event you could wander the site telling short stories to passersby.

TECHNIQUES

There are several techniques you can use when telling stories to make the act more enjoyable for both you and your audience. These techniques may not necessarily all be period, but they are useful tools for the modern or re-enactment storyteller regardless.

Repetition

One of the techniques I have come across in a lot of stories from many different cultures is that of repetition. That repetition can be used a few different ways. One way is to have a refrain that is used every so often. For instance, Dame TSivia bas Tamara v’Amberview has been telling “the camel story” since the 1970s, which relies on the refrain

And the winds blow a ' back and forth. And a ' baaaack...and forth.

Another is to construct the story in such a way that incidents repeat (usually in threes). For instance, I once read a Native story where the hero encounters three animals who need his help. He aids each one, and in turn receives a gift. He then faces three trials which he overcomes using the three gifts (using each one in the order in which he received them).

Repetition aids in recall, so working repetitive elements into your story will help your audience remember what is going on, and will help them remember the tale after you are done the telling.

For more on repetition in story telling, see Martin Shaw’s article on the subject in the links section.

Keep it brief (at least at first)

Something that storytellers struggle with constantly is trying to figure out how long their stories should be. The answer is highly variable. If you are just starting out, I always suggest that shorter is better. If you are going to be telling stories for the first time you are better off aiming for something under five minutes in length. Though stories can be much longer, I have seen storytellers kill a bardic circle by telling a lengthy tale that no one was interested in hearing. As mentioned earlier, you need to read your crowd, and if you are still learning how to do that, brevity is your ally. Shorter stories are also useful for telling in situations where you do not have a lot of time (such as the kind of stories Duke Cariadoc of the Bow tells to servers while they pause between removes).

Here’s an example of a short tale I told at a circle in honour of a Calontiri guest:

At our first Pennsic War, my wife and I were at a merchant’s when a column of Calontiri warriors trudged by. They were dragging their weapons and singing what sounded like a dirge. I remarked to the merchant that our side must have lost, as my kingdom was allied with Calontir. “No,” said the merchant, “you won. Those are happy Calontiri.”

Gestures and pacing

Many storytellers make use of hand gestures and moving around their space while telling a tale, but storytellers are by no means unanimous on whether this should be done, or, if it is, just how much it should be done.

While pacing around and moving your hands can draw emphasis to what you are saying, it can also distract from the story. Master Fridrikr Tomasson is quite capable of keeping a hall enthralled with just the power of his words, but other storytellers may find it difficult to obtain that same level of rapt attention without using their body. As always, you should do what feels natural to you.

Just remember, if you do use hand and body movement during your tellings, do not let them detract from the tale itself. If you spend too long orchestrating and practicing your movements, it will end up detracting from your story. Your telling will not seem organic but rehearsed.

Don’t get fixated on details

Unless you are telling a fellow bards work, do not try to memorize the story you are telling. If you try to remember every little detail you may find yourself forgetting them and become flustered during the telling. I is better to learn the story in a kind of point form in your mind, which you can elaborate on as you wish during the telling. For instance remembering that the hero was wearing a purple shirt when the colour has no bearing on anything is a detail that you don’t need to learn. For instance, let’s look at this short story I once wrote:

It was on an unusually warm winter day that members of Ardchreag’s populace traveled to the canton of Skeldergate, to the inn owned by Berus Jarl and his Lady, Countess Marion. Upon arriving we found tables laid and awaiting us, while the appetizing smells of meat on a stick wafted from the kitchens where Streonwald and Etian could be heard bellowing. We claimed a table in front of the Thrones of Ealdormere, spreading out our crafts and gear. Berend worked on his tablet woven belt, while Eirik and Colyne poured over notes. Thorfinna disappeared into the vault of children where she was later found happily colouring.

As I returned from the merchants, my arms laden with goods, I heard the sounds of commotion. A fight had broken out! I ran to my table to find some of my companions under attack! Eirik and Wulfgang were in the centre of a swarm of ruffians, brandishing axes and swords. I made a move to join them, then saw that there was no need. Eirik is quite handy with a blade, and was cutting down his foes with impunity. Wulfgang, finding himself pressed by a huge man bearing a bar stool in has hands, proceeded to chase his assailant about the hall, before finally chopping him to the floor.

When it was over, when the tables had been righted, the blood cleaned, and the ale pored, an exhausted but beaming Wulfgang sat at our table.

“Did you see me?” he asked. “Did you see me chase that guy?”

We responded yes. Then we added that his attacker had been no mere ‘guy’.

“Who was it?” he asked.

“Berus,” we said.

His jaw dropped.

“The Kingdom Earl Marshal,” we went on.

The jaw dropped lower.

“Sir Berus,” we added.

All present then laughed long and hard at the expression on the face of a man who is usually jokingly referred to as a man who has none.

I just wonder, once Wulfgang has all his armour together, and first walks onto the lists, will Berus remember him?

The only relevant facts that you need to remember to tell this tale are:

  • The protagonist went to an event with someone named Wulfgang
  • Wulfgang took part in a boffer battle
  • Wulfgang chased around someone on the field and was quite pleased with himself
  • Wulfgang was completely shocked to find out it had been the kingdom’s earl  marshal (and a knight to boot)

Don’t worry if your story is different every time you tell it

As mentioned above, you don’t need to memorize every little detail, which means your story will end up different every time you tell it. That’s fine. In fact, many storytellers will reshape their story to better fit the situation they are in or the audience they are telling it to. For instance, while your story about a certain count getting wasted and running around naked on the battlefield until he runs into the queen may be appropriate for an adult’s only fire, its not so appropriate to tell in the marketplace with children listening…unless you change the details. So, instead of being drunk, the count is merely acting silly but still feels embarrassed for his behaviour before his queen.

Plus, variation is the spice of life. Your audiences will merge over time, but even if certain listeners have heard all your stories before, they will still seem fresh and interesting if they know all the details won’t be the same every time they hear them.

If you make a mistake, keep going

Mistakes happen, and one of the worst things a performer can do when they make one is to pause and admit it. If you make a mistake, just keep going. Most of the time your audience will not even know you got anything wrong. If you find you left out something intrinsic to the plot, you can work it back in at a different point. If you forgot to mention that your hero was supposed to find a sword back in the castle, have a squire appear and give the sword to the hero later.

Involve your audience

One way to keep your audience’s attention is to get them involved in the story. An easy method to do this is by taking advantage of having a repeated refrain, and having the audience say it with you. They will soon be waiting eagerly for your cues telling them they get to say it again.

Incorporating songs or poems

If you want, and if it fits in with your story, you can incorporate songs or poems into your telling. These could be used as refrains and a way to involve your audience. This would be especially appropriate if you are telling a Norse story, as people in the sagas often recited short poems. The only caveat I would suggest is to keep these bits short and to the point.

Telling a story while in persona

Rather than telling a story as yourself, you can tell it from the point of view of your persona. This adds a certain verisimilitude to your performance and is a great technique to use at period-only circles. Things to keep in mind are what stories would your persona know, and how would someone from your time and place tell a story? As mentioned before, a link to Duke Cariadoc’s article on this subject is included below.

Props (doll, puppets, talking sticks)

While the use of props is almost certainly not a technique used by period storytellers, it is a very useful modern tool (especially when telling stories to children). Dolls or puppets can be used to act out the story, or even tell the story with (or instead of) the storyteller. The talking stick (or conch shell or other item) can be used to pass from person to person, signifying whose turn it is to speak. These props can also be used as mnemonic devices, helping your audience remember certain details by associating them with specific props.

Signature beginning and/or ending

One last technique I’ll touch on is using a specific opening and or/closing to your stories, which are unique to you. When your audience hears it they will come to recognize it and it will help place  them in a receptive state of mind. Possible openings are “I saw it with my own eyes” or “when the world was young” while a possible ending could be “and for all I know they are fighting/dancing/singing/eating/etc still.”

LINKS

Links: Storytelling (general)

Effective Storytelling: A Guide for Beginners, http://www.eldrbarry.net/roos/eest.htm


Tim Shepherd’s Storytelling Resources for Storytellers, http://www.timsheppard.co.uk/story/

Links: Period Storytelling

Medieval Storytelling: Engaging the Next Generation, http://medievalstorytelling.co.uk/






Links: SCA



THLaird Colyne Stewart is a student of the written word. He is the Curator of the Atheneaum Hectoris, the Precentor of the Scriptorium, the Royal Historian of Ealdormere, the Baronial Historian of Septentria, a chronicler and a member of the Bardic College of Ealdormere. He is a past Bard of Septentria and one of the founders of the now defunct Septentrian Performing Arts Troupe. In the modern world he holds a degree in English and Creative Writing and has studied writing, storytelling and folklore.


Wednesday, 11 March 2015

Writing a Virelai

By THLaird Colyne Stewart, MArch AS 49 (2015)

One of the formes fixes, the virelai was often used in poetry and music (it was, in fact, one of the most common verse forms set to music from the 13th to the 15th centuries). However, by the mid 15th century the virelai was no longer usually set to music.

If a virelai only had one stanza it was known as a bergerette.

Virelai written as songs in the 14th and 15 centuries had three stanzas and a refrain that is stated before the first stanza and again after each one. Within each stanza the structure used is the bar form. Within this overall structure, the number of lines and the rhyme scheme varied. The refrain and the abgesang (part of the bar form) could be three, four or five lines each, with rhyme schemes such as aba, abab, aaab, abba, aaab or aabba. The structure often involved an alternation of longer and shorter lines. Usually, all three stanzas shared the same set of rhymes (which means the whole poem could be built on just two rhymes).

In the 15th century, when the virelai was no longer always set to music, its structure varied widely. Two of these variants (which weren’t defined until the 17th century) are detailed below.

The virelai ancient had no refrain. It used an interlocking rhyme scheme between the stanzas. In the first stanza the rhyme scheme is aabaabaab (with the b lines being shorter in length). In the second stanza the b rhymes are shifted to the longer lines and a new c rhyme is introduced on the shorter ones (bbcbbcbbc).

The virelai nouveau had a 2-line refrain at the beginning, with each stanza ending with a repetition of either the first or the second refrain verse in alternation, and the last stanza ending in both refrain verses in reversed order.

When I wrote the following virelai (called “MacFarlane”) I decided to use the virelai ancient form. I also resolved to try to keep the meter in iambic meter. As is usual for me, the first thing I wrote was the first line:

A shield, a sword, an axe, a lance,

I then came up with a list of words that could rhyme with lance, to make sure I could incorporate them into the theme (which was a praise poem for my knight, Sir Nigel MacFarlane). I was pleased with the words I came up with, as each could easily be incorporated into describing Sir Nigel. So for the second line I went with:

He takes with him to melee’s dance,

The following line was the first short line of the poem. It was also the first b rhyme, so I needed a rhyme rich word to end the line on (as the b rhyme continues into the second stanza). Nigel is known for his kit, so I called attention to it:

Upon his head his crest;

The following two line refer to his role in the Battle of the Thirty at Pennsic (where he is often the captain of the French side), and to his famous glare (also known as his ‘stink-eye’):

In tourney leads the folk of France,
In war he’s known for piercing glance,

In the sixth line I make reference to the heraldry of his household (House Arrochar) which includes a mullet (star) over his heart. This mullet represent his lady, Duchess Adrielle Kerrec, and ties into the last line of the poem:

And the star upon his chest;

I then spend two lines describing his skill at arms and his dedication to his kingdom, while in the last line of the first stanza I again call out to his lady:

In battle preaux, leaves naught to chance,
To brave protect the northern manse,
Love beats within his breast.

Now starting the second stanza, the b rhymes replace the a rhymes, while a new c rhyme replaces the b rhymes. In the first two line I again make reference to his determination and his fine kit:

On virtue’s anvil he would test,
While in fine raimments he is dressed,

In the third line I introduced the new c rhyme. To come up with the c rhyme I actually wrote the last line of the poem first:

All for his Adrielle.

Knowing where I wanted to end, allowed me to finish the first c rhymed line (taking a bit of poetic license with the first word in the line):

Dischivalry his hell;

In the following two line, while again referencing his skill at arms, I point out that he does win victory for himself, but for his teammates:


From the jaw of lose he’ll wrest
Victory for the sorely pressed,

I then point out that there are even more virtues I could praise in Sir Nigel:

And yet more I could tell;

The last three lines are dedicated to Adrielle, his inspiration in all things:

He clutches favour she has blessed,
Which drives him to his very best,
All for his Adrielle.

So in the end, the poem read:

A shield, a sword, an axe, a lance,
He takes with him to melee’s dance,
Upon his head his crest;
In tourney leads the folk of France,
In war he’s known for piercing glance,
And the star upon his chest;
In battle preaux, leaves naught to chance,
To brave protect the northern manse,
Love beats within his breast.

On virtue’s anvil he would test,
While in fine raimments he is dressed,
Dischivalry his hell;
From the jaw of lose he’ll wrest
Victory for the sorely pressed,
And yet more I could tell;
He clutches favour she has blessed,
Which drives him to his very best,
All for his Adrielle.


Sources

Baldick, Chris. The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Literary Terms. Oxford University Press, New York, 1990.

Cushman, Stephen, ed. Princeton Encyclopedia of Poetry and Poetics, 4th edition. Princeton University Press, New Jersey, 2012.

Fischer, Todd H. C. “Medieval Poetic Forms, Genres and Devices,” 2015.

Harmon, William and C. Hugh Holman. A Handbook to Literature, Seventh Edition. Prentice Hall, New Jersey, 1996.

Hirsch, Edward. A Poet’s Glossary. Houghton Mifflin Publishing, New York, 2014.

Kupier, Kathleen, ed. Mirriam Webster’s Encyclopedia of Literature. Mirriam Webster, Springfield, Massachusetts, 1995.

Kupier, Kathleen, ed. Poetry and Drama: Literary Terms and Concepts. Britannica Educational Publishing, New York, 2012.

Myers, Jack and Don Wukasch. Dictionary of Poetic Terms. University of North Texas, Denton, Texas, 2003.

Preminger, Alex, ed. Princeton Encyclopedia of Poetry and Poetics. Princeton University Press, New Jersey, 1974.


Tuesday, 10 March 2015

Writing a Triolet

By THLaird Colyne Stewart, AS 49 (2015)

At Winter War in March AS 49, HRH Steinnar of Ealdormere made known his wish to fence with as many of the kingdoms fencers as possible. I wanted to write something to commemorate that moment and settles on the triolet.

The triolet was a 13th century stanza poem of 8-lines, written in iambic tetrameter and rhyming ABaAabAB. The first, fourth and seventh lines are identical, as are the second and final lines (thus making the initial and final couplets identical as well). The triolet is related to the rondeau.

I first needed to settle on what my A and B lines would be. Since they would repeat, and form both the opening and closing of the poem they needed to be strong and meaningful.

For the A line I choose:

The heir alone with sword in hand

This identifies the poem’s focal point (the Heir) and makes note of the fact that as of yet he stands alone.

For the B line I identify exactly what he is waiting for:

Awaits to fight with rapier bold

From there it was simply a matter of filling in the remaining lines. For the third line I choose to explicitly state who it was the Heir wanted to face in battle:

Contestants from across the land.

The fourth line then repeated the first line. For the fifth line I reiterated the Heir’s desire, and used the sixth line to remark on his character:

Will glad cross blades on field and sand
And in his heart bright valour hold.

The seventh and eighth lines then repeated the first and second lines. So what I ended up with was:

The heir alone with sword in hand
Awaits to fight with rapier bold
Contestants from across the land.
The heir alone with sword in hand
Will glad cross blades on field and sand
And in his heart bright valour hold.
The heir alone with sword in hand
Awaits to fight with rapier bold.

Sources

Fischer, Todd H. C., “Medieval Poetic Forms, Genres and Devices”, 2015.

Geller, Conrad, “Poetic Forms: The Triolet”, http://www.writing-world.com/poetry/triolet.shtml




Monday, 16 June 2014

Writing a Fatras

By THLaird Colyne Stewart

Based on his post to the EaldorBards elist on Sunday, October 2002

At Bards and Cooks in October of 2002, Master Hector of the Black Height held a class on the ‘Bardic toolbox’. As part of that class we tried to write a fatras, which he had found the definition of in his Princeton Encyclopedia of Poetry and Poetics. Basically,
it is an 11 line poem, preceded by a couplet whose lines frame the rest of the poem. So, we have a couplet, then the first line of the couplet is repeated, followed by 9 more lines, and then the last line of the couplet is repeated. The book says that the couplet is a summation of the whole poem, and that the fatras was a nonsense form. However, no history was given (we assumed it was French because of sources sited) and no example of a fatras was given. The definition also did not say what the feet would be (stressed and unstressed syllables). Many of us left that event with a burning desire to know more of
the fatras, so THL Þhorfinna gráfeldr and I did some web searching and this is what we found out:

The fatras and fatrasie (a similar type of poem with a different structure) appears to indeed be a French form, as almost all webpages that mention it are French themselves.

According to one source there are only four surviving fatras poems, which could explain why its so dern hard to find any information on them.

According to a page at Columbia University (which is now defunct):

  • fatras are not found in Machaut's works [1]
  • only four examples are known to exist
  • they were satirical, almost surrealistic poems
  • they have a 2-line refrain & 11-line stanza; the first line of the stanza is the same as the first line of refrain; and the last line of the stanza is the same as the last line of the refrain. (The refrain is the opening couplet.)

In Encyclopædia Universalis (a French encyclopedia) there was an entry for fatras that included some examples of both fatras and fatrasie.. The original text of that entry has included at the end of this article as an appendix, along with a loose translation courtesy of Google

We were wondering whether the lines of a fatras should rhyme, and the examples in the encyclopedia did have a rhyming scheme. Including the opening couplet, the rhyming scheme was: “ab aabaabbabab”. This is illustrated in the following fatras by Jean Molinet [2]:

Fourbissez votre ferraille
Aiguisez vos grands couteaux
Fourbissez votre ferraille
Quotinaille, quetinailles,
Quoquardaille, friandeaux,
Garsonaille, ribaudaille,
Laronnaille, brigandaille,
Crapaudaille, leisardeaux,
Cavestrailie, goulardeaux,
Viilenaille, bonhommaille,
Fallourdaille, paillardeaux,
Truandaille et Lopinaille
Aiguisez vos grands couteaux.

Whether this rhyme scheme was used in all fatras seems unclear. Consider what the website Poetry Magnum Opus has to say of the fatras:

  • The fatras is a poem in 11 lines.
  • It is composed in a way that the 1st and last lines form a distich, a poem in 2 lines, that holds the entire theme of the larger poem. This is known as the fatras simple.
  • It is unmetered.
  • It is unrhymed.
  • It is written with clever wordplay and disconnected nonsense which set the tone. The fatras possible allows for some coherent text, the fatras impossible make no sense at all.
  • A fatras double is when 2 eleven line stanzas are formed, with the lines of the distich reversed in the 2nd stanza. The last line is a restatement of line one of the poem

While PMO says fatras did not have a rhyme scheme, the example quoted from Encyclopædia Universalis clearly has one.

So, it would seem that there is not a codified set of rules for writing a fatras, and it is unknown whether there ever was. When writing your own, you can therefore decide how you want to go about it. In the following fatras that I wrote, I wrote 13 lines using the “ab aabaabbabab” rhyming scheme like Molinet used.

The devil made me do it.
The heat will keep me drier.
The devil made me do it.
Dry hay ablaze is now lit,
My house of straw on fire,
My tongue in vexation bit.
Voice of angels from the pit
Assail me in the pyre,
Call me fool in a myre
As I in this wallow sit.
The voice it is a liar.

The torch sputters in my mit,
The heat will keep me drier.

Bibliography




Fatrasie et fatras, Adaptation d' après, Encyclopædia Universalis
1999, http://worldserver2.oleane.com/fatrazie/fatras_et_fatrasie.htm.



Appendix

FATRASIE ET FATRAS Adaptation d' après Encyclopædia Universalis
1999Apparemment dérivé de fatras , le mot fatrasie  est pourtant attesté
dans l’usage vers 1250, soit plusieurs décennies avant lui. D’étymologie
obscure (on a voulu les faire remonter au latin farsura , «remplissage»), l’
un et l’autre appartiennent en ancien français au vocabulaire littéraire
(peut-être humoristique) et désignent deux variétés formelles d’un même type
de poésie. À première vue, celle-ci se réduit à des jeux incohérents de
non-sens; elle donne souvent au lecteur moderne une impression de platitude:
impression erronée, due à l’éloignement culturel. Fatrasie et fatras, genres
techniquement complexes, semblent avoir été pratiqués, à titre de
divertissement, dans des cercles de lettrés coutumiers de toute espèce d’
expérimentation joyeuse sur le langage. À l’époque, vers 1200, on pousse le
plus loin possible la recherche de l’artifice; certains s’amusent à fausser
les agencements syntaxiques; d’autres, à produire des décalages de
signification, des distorsions de vocabulaire; beaucoup accordent la
préférence aux «figures de mots» sur celles de pensée, à l’antithèse sur la
métaphore; on tend à généraliser l’emploi du saugrenu. Au sein des
traditions littéraires constituées, on voit ainsi s’instaurer, au milieu du
XIIIe siècle, des techniques nouvelles dont le propre est d’engendrer un
écart entre le déroulement verbal de la poésie et celui de l’idée. Elles
systématisent les effets d’accumulation et de contraste, brodent sur la
trame du discours des éléments qui y suscitent des discontinuités
imprévisibles, des accélérations soudaines, faisant éclater la texture
morpho-sémantique, tranchant le fil du sens ou promouvant un sens autre,
issu d’un vide apparent. Ces diverses techniques ou «jongleries» convergent
en fait: poussées à leur terme extrême, elles engendrent la fatrasie.
Celle-ci semble avoir été particulière à la Picardie de la seconde moitié du
siècle: l’inventeur en aurait été, selon certains, le juriste Philippe de
Beaumanoir, auteur de la célèbre Manékine et des Fatrasies de Philippe de
Rémi. Vers 1300, elle produisit le fatras, dont la vogue dura jusqu’au XVIe
siècle.Formellement très rigide, la fatrasie est constituée par une strophe
de six pentasyllabes suivis de cinq heptasyllabes sur deux rimes,
généralement selon le schéma [aabaabbabab]. Le fatras enchâsse, en vue d’un
effet supplémentaire de contraste, ces onze vers, réduits à l’isométrie,
entre les deux vers d’un distique emprunté à quelque poème connu,
généralement à thème amoureux. Passé 1430, seul le schéma formel se
maintint, et souvent le fatras cessa de jouer du non-sens. Fatrasie et
fatras utilisent les mêmes procédés de rupture sémantique, presque toujours
cumulés en séries parfois étourdissantes. Le but du discours fatrasique est
de briser, au sein de la phrase, les compatibilités normalement exigibles
entre verbe et nom, verbe et verbe, nom et nom ou adjectif: soit que l’on
pose entre les termes syntaxiquement unis un lien de contradiction (ex. un
muet me dit ), soit que l’on conjoigne des catégories sémiques que l’usage
courant disjoint (ex. la maison s’approcha ). Toutes les propositions du
discours sont ainsi affectées. L’effet produit est accusé par la
distribution du vocabulaire: forte prédominance numérique des noms sur les
verbes et les adjectifs, d’où un caractère général «substantif», qui donne
une impression de collection d’objets d’autant plus forte que ce vocabulaire
est entièrement concret; le choix des mots s’opère dans un très petit nombre
de champs sémantiques, toujours les mêmes: noms géographiques et toponymes;
noms de bêtes sauvages, terribles ou répugnantes; noms de parties du corps;
termes de cuisine; obscénités; scatologie; les verbes évoquent en majorité
le déplacement, créent par addition une impression de grouillement, de
mouvement perpétuel. D’où une suggestion globale de chute, de glissement
vers le bas, la trivialité, le digestif et son instrumentation, le dégoût.
Cet enchaînement verbal procède, d’une autre manière, de la rime; le poème a
souvent l’apparence de bouts-rimés absurdes. Sur ce point, la fatrasie
présente une très lointaine analogie avec l’écriture automatique moderne
mais une grande proximité avec les  Edward Lear, Lewis Carroll, Woody Allen,
Streamer, Dubillard, Ionesco  et nombre de pataphysiciens, oulipiens ou
assimilés.

FATRASIES (Anonyme de la deuxième  moitié du Xlllème siècle, souvent
attribuées à Jehan Bodel. L'ensemble est connu sous le nom de Fatrasies
d'Arras)

Le son d'un cornet
Mangeait au vinaigre
Le coeur d'un tonnerre
Quand un béquet mort
Prit au trébuchet
Le cours d'une étoile
En l'air il y eut un grain de seigle
Quand l'aboiement d'un brochet
Et le tronçon d'une toile
Ont trouvé foutu un petIls lui ont coupé l'oreille.
Un ours emplumé
Fit semer un blé
De Douvres à Oissent.
Un oignon peléS'était apprêté
A chanter devant

FATRAS (Guillaume Flamant, chanoine de Langres)

O poison pire que mortel,
Me ferez-vous crever le cœur ?
O poison pire que mortel,
Qui me tient en telle tutelle
Que n'ai ni force ni vigueur;
Envieuse et fausse querelle,
Plus pute que n'est maquerelle,
Trop me plains de votre rigueur.
Où est Satan, mon gouverneur,
Qui ne vient pas quand je l'appelle
?O folle, infernale fureur;
Diables pleins de toute cautelle,
Me ferez-vous crever le cœur ?

FATRAS (Jean Molinet (1435-1507). Rhétoriqueur d’une verve admirable, aussi
à l’aise dans des poèmes déclamatoires que dans les fatrasies et les jeux du
vocabulaire.

I
Fourbissez votre ferraille
Aiguisez vos grands couteaux
Fourbissez votre ferraille
Quotinaille, quetinailles,
Quoquardaille, friandeaux,
Garsonaille, ribaudaille,
Laronnaille, brigandaille,
Crapaudaille, leisardeaux,
Cavestrailie, goulardeaux,
Viilenaille, bonhommaille,
Fallourdaille, paillardeaux,
Truandaille et Lopinaille
Aiguisez vos grands couteaux.

II
Ma très douce nourriture,
Quel déplaisir me fais-tu !
Ma très douce nourriture
!Tu avais en ma clôture
Femme pleine de vertus
Et précieuse vêture ;
Mais tu as changé pâture
Et puis tu es revenu,
Et je t’ai entretenu
Comme on fait, à l’aventure,
Un pèlerin mal vêtu ;
Mon seul fils, ma géniture,
Quel déplaisir me fais-tu !
Que déplaisir me fais-tu,
Ma très douce nourriture !
Quel déplaisir me fais-tu !
Tu n’ajoutes un fétu
A ma grand déconfiture ;
Dix et sept ans inconnu,
Comme étranger pauvre et nu,
As été en notre cure,
Voyant le pleur, soin et cure
Que pour toi ai soutenu,
Mais de ma douleur obscure,
Ne t’es guère souvenu,
Ma très douce nourriture.

FATRAS (Watriquet Brassennel de Couvin, ménestrel du Comte Gui de Blois. Ses
écrits se situent entre 1320 et 1330.) Ses trente fatras sont les plus
anciens que nous connaissions.)

I
Doucement me réconforte
Celle qui mon cœur a pris.
Doucement me réconforte
Une chatte à moitié morte
Qui chante tous les jeudis
Une alléluia si forte
Que les clençhes de nos portes
Dirent que leur est lundi,
S’en fut un loup si hardi
Qu’il alla, malgré sa sorte,
Tuer Dieu en paradis,
Et dit : « Copain, je t’apporte
Celle qui mon cœur a pris. »

FATRASIES (Pascal Kaeser, qui a composé les fatrasies qui suivent et qui
selon la règle vont par onze, avec" l'ambition de jeter un pont par-dessus
les siècles.") Une grande réussite comme ce jeune chercheur suisse en est
coutumier.

I
Un lérot marin
Jouait du surin
Pour tailler un lemme,
Un rohart d'airainS
ignait au burin
L'armet d'une gemme ;
Si ne fût un vieil oedème
Qui dirimait le purin
Et s'entait à un poème,
Le rachis d'un mandarin
Les eût engeignés à Brême.

II
Un saumon fumeur
Siffle une tumeur
Sur le quai des brumes,
La torse rumeur
Dit qu'un las rimeur
Provigne des rhumes;
Il faut strapasser la grume
Pour qu'un parfait parfumeur
Passe sa jeunesse anthume
Sous le nez d'un embaumeur
Qui empaille des enclumes.

III
Un précis ivrogne
Dénombrait ses rognes
Sur un gant d'Espagne,
Un roi de Pologne
Découpait des pognes
Dans le gras du bagne;
Si ne fût jus de Champagne,
Qui eût bu un vin de trognes
?Ou calamistré des fagnes
Pour assécher la Dordogne
Et assiéger la Mortagne ?

IV
Un icosaèdre
Couvre un hexaèdre
De ses leucocytes,
Un dodécaèdre
Ouvre un tétraèdre
A ses phagocytes;
Si l'icône a ses trachytes,
Si l'otage a ses exèdres,
Par contre les troglodytes
N'ont jamais pu peler Phèdre
Ni son beau-fils Hippolyte.

V
L'éléphant prodigue
Est au fond bon zigue
Bien qu'il extravague,
L'acide Rodrigue
Parfois se fatigue
Quand il prend la dague;
Sapristi ! Non mais sans blague !
Le poète nous navigue
De Brisbane à Copenhague,
Il
obscurcit ses intrigues,
Les raccourcit et zigzague.

VI
Une immense sphère
Margaritifère
A séduit Magritte,
Un vieux mammifère
Quant à lui préfère
Des perles proscrites;
Tous les fils de Démocrite
Rongent ses os mellifères,
N'en déplaise aux hypocrites
Broutant les choux mortifères
D'une table qui s'effrite.

VII
Par Quetzalcoatl,
Cihuatcoatl,
Et Tlazoltéotl,
Mictanchihuatl,
Chicomécoatl,
Et même Yaotl,
Qui a bottelé Xolotl ?
L'odieux Teccuciztécatl
A brettelé Tzintéotl
Tandis qu'Omécihuatl
Schtroumpfait un peu de peyotl.

VIII
La boisson de choix :
Un sirop d'anchois
A l'eau de Vichy,
Le parfum de choix :
De l'ail de Cauchois
Signé par Cauchy;
Ne fais pas tant de chichis,
Car c'est à moi qu'il échoit
De pondre un oeuf enrichi
Qui dans un lavabo choit
Et s'écrie : "Mamamouchi !"

IX
Le grincheux Priam
Offrit un sélam
A Mathusalem,
Au port d'Amsterdam
Le madapolam
Couvre le totem;
Quand un crémeux mokkadem
Rencontre un vibrant imam,
Qui tente le grand chelem ?
Peut-être un roi de Potsdam
Ou un gars de Béthléem.

X
Veni, vidi, zut !
Lulle à Lilliput
Se magna l'arçon -
Hocus, pocus, chut !
La biblique Ruth
Aime les garçons;
Son mari dort sans soupçon
Dans les vers de l'occiput
D'un poète à Besançon
Qui ne songe au préciput
Ni à la contrefaçon.

XI
Un chat quadrilingue
Dans une carlingue
Déclenche un esclandre
Et une meringue
Pointe sa seringue
Vers l'homme au scaphandre;
"Sandwich à la salamandre !"
Réclame un steward cradingue,
"Ou mélasse et palissandre !"
Ajoute-t-il d'un ton dingue,
Avec sa voix de calandre.

Translated (not very well) by Google:

FATRASIE AND FATRAS Adaptation according to Encyclopædia Universalis 1999
Apparently derived from will fatras the word fatrasy is however attested in
l?usage about 1250, that is to say several decades before him. D? obscure
etymology (one wanted to make them go up with Latin will farsura "filling"),
l?un and l?autre belong as former French to the literary vocabulary (perhaps
humorous) and indicate two formal varieties d?un even standard of poetry. At
first sight, this one is reduced to incoherent plays of nonsense ; it often
gives to the modern reader an impression of flatness: erroneous impression,
due to l?éloignement cultural. Will Fatrasy and fatras , technically complex
kinds, seem to be practised, by way of entertainment , in circles of usual
well-read men of any species D? merry experimentation on the language. With
l?époque, about 1200, one pushes further possible research from L? artifice
; some s?amusent to distort the syntactic fittings; d?autres, to produce
shifts of significance , distortions of vocabulary ; does many grant the
preference to the " figures of words " on those of thought, to L? antithesis
on the metaphor ; one tends to generalize l?emploi of the absurd one .
Within the literary traditions made up, one sees s?instaurer thus, in the
medium of the XIII E century, of the new techniques whose characteristic is
d?engendrer a difference between the verbal course of poetry and that of
l?idée. They systematize the effects D? accumulation and of contrast ,
embroider on the screen of the speech of the elements which cause there
unforeseeable discontinuities , sudden accelerations , making burst texture
morpho-semantics, slicing the wire of the direction or promoting a different
direction, resulting d?un apparent vacuum. These various techniques or "
jugglings " converge in fact: led to their latest date, they generate the
fatrasy . This one seems to have been particular in Picardy of second half
of the century: l?inventor would have been, according to certain, the lawyer
Philippe de Beaumanoir, author of famous Manékine and Fatrasies of Philippe
of Remi . About 1300, it produced will fatras it , whose vogue lasted
jusqu?au XVI E century. Formally very rigid, the fatrasy is consisted a
stanza of six pentasyllables followed of five heptasyllabes out of two
rhymes, generally according to the diagram [ aabaabbabab ]. Will fatras
enchases, for additional d?un effect of contrast, these eleven worms,
reduced to l?isometry, between the two worms d?un distich borrowed from some
known poem, generally with topic in love. Past 1430, only the formal diagram
was maintained, and often will fatras it ceased playing of the nonsense.
Fatrasy and will fatras use the same processes of semantic rupture, almost
always cumulated in series sometimes dazing. The goal of the speech fatrasic
is to break, within the sentence, normally exigible compatibilities between
verb and noun, verb and verb, noun and noun or adjective: maybe that l?on
poses between the syntactically plain terms a bond of contradiction (e.g. a
dumb man says to me that is to say that l?on conjoigne of the semic
categories that l?usage current disjoins (e.g. the house s?approcha All the
proposals of the speech are thus affected. Produced L?effet is shown by the
distribution of the vocabulary: strong numerical prevalence of the names on
the verbs and the adjectives, d?où a general character "substantive", which
gives an impression of collection d?objets d?autant stronger than this
vocabulary is entirely concrete; the choice of the words s?opère in a very
small number of semantic fields, always the same ones: geographical names
and toponyms; names of wild beasts, terrible or feeling reluctant; names of
parts of the body; terms of kitchen; obscenities; scatology; the verbs evoke
in majority displacement, create by addition an impression of grouillement ,
perpetual motion . D?où a total suggestion of fall, of slip to the bottom,
commonplace, the digestive one and its instrumentation, dislike. This verbal
sequence proceeds, d?une another manner, of the rhyme; the poem often has
l?apparence of absurd ends-rimés. On this point, the fatrasy has a very
remote analogy with modern automatic l?écriture but a great proximity with
Edward Lear, the Lewis Carroll, Woody Allen, Streamer, Dubillard, Ionesco
and a number of pataphysicians, oulipiens or comparable.

FATRASIES ( Anonymous of second half of Xlllème century, often allotted to
Jehan Bodel. The unit is known under the name of Fatrasies of Arras)

The sound of a horn
Ate with the vinegar
The heart of a thunder
When a dead spoiler
Took with the precision balance
The course of a star
In the air there was a rye grain
When the barking of a pike
And the section of a fabric
Found foutu a fart
They cut the ear to him.
A emplumé bear
The FIT to sow a corn
From Dover With Oissent.
A peeled onion
Was glossy
To sing in front

FATRAS ( Guillaume Flamingo , canon of Langres)

O poison worse than mortal,
Will you make me burst the c?ur?
O poison worse than mortal,
Who holds me in such supervision
That have neither force nor strength;
Envieuse and distorts quarrel,
More whore that is not a brothel-keeper,
Too much me lime pits of your rigour.
Where is Satan, my governor,
Who doesn't come when I call it?
O insane, infernal fury;
Devils full with very cautelle,
Will you make me burst the c?ur?

FATRAS (Jean Molinet (1435-1507). Admirable Rhetoriqueur d?une liveliness,
as with l?aise in poems déclamatoires as in the fatrasies and the plays of
the vocabulary.

I
Furbish your scrap
Sharpen your large knives
Furbish your scrap
Quotinaille, quetinailles,
Quoquardaille, friandeaux,
Garsonaille, ribaudaille,
Laronnaille, brigandaille,
Crapaudaille, leisardeaux,
Cavestrailie, goulardeaux,
Viilenaille, bonhommaille,
Fallourdaille, paillardeaux,
Truandaille and Lopinaille
Sharpen your large knives.

II
My very soft food,
What a displeasure you make me!
My very soft food!
You had in my fence
Woman full with virtues
And invaluable vêture;
But you changed grazing ground
And then you returned,
And I t?ai maintained
Like one makes, with l?aventure,
A pilgrim badly vêtu;
My only son, my géniture,
What a displeasure you make me!
That displeasure you make me,
My very soft food!
What a displeasure you make me!
You n?ajoutes a straw
With my large failure;
Ten and seven years unknown,
Like poor and naked foreigner,
Were in our cure,
Seeing the tear, care and cure
That for you supported,
But of my obscure pain,
T?es hardly remembered,
My very soft food.

FATRAS ( Watriquet Brassennel de Couv in , ménestrel of Count GUI of Blois.
Its writings range between 1320 and 1330.) Its thirty will fatras are oldest
that we know.)

I
Gently comforts me
That which my c?ur took.
Gently comforts me
A she-cat with dead half
Who sings every Thursday
An alleluia so strong
That clençhes of our doors
Said that their is Monday,
S?en was a so bold wolf
Qu?il went, in spite of its kind,
To kill God in paradise,
And known as: "Buddy, I t?apporte
That which my c?ur took "

FATRASIES ( Pascal Kaeser , which composed the fatrasies which follow and
which according to the rule go by eleven, with "the ambition to throw a
bridge over the centuries.") A great success as this young Swiss researcher
in is usual.

I
A marine lérot
Played of the surin
To cut a lemma,
A bronze rohart
Signed with the graver
The armet of a gem;
If were not an old oedema
Who nullified liquid manure
And entait itself with a poem,
The rachis of Mandarin
Had engeignés in Bremen.

II
A salmon smoker
Whistle a tumour
On the quay of the fogs,
The chest rumour
Known as that a mow rhymester
Provine colds;
Strapasser is needed the bark
So that a perfect perfumer
Pass its youth anthume
Under the nose of an embalmer
Who empaille of the anvils.

III
A precis addicted to drink
Counted its bad tempers
On a glove of Spain,
A king of Poland
Cut out pognes
In the fat of the bagne;
If were not Champagne juice,
Who had drunk a wine of bloated faces?
Or curled fagnes
To drain the Dordogne
And to besiege Mortagne?

IV
An icosahedron
Cover a hexahedron
Of its leucocytes,
A dodecahedron
Open a tetrahedron
With its phagocytes;
If the icon has its trachytes,
If the hostage has his exèdres,
On the other hand troglodytes
Never could peel Phèdre
Nor his/her Hippolyte son-in-law.

V
The prodigal elephant
At the bottom good guy is
Although it extravague,
The Rodrigue acid
Sometimes tires itself
When it takes the scraping-knife;
Sapristi! Not but without joke!
The poet sails us
De Brisbane In Copenhagen,
It darkens its intrigues,
Shortens and zigzags.

VI
An immense sphere
Margaritifère
A Allures Magritte,
An old mammal
As for him prefers
Proscribed pearls;
All wire of Démocrite
Its bones mellifères corrode,
With due respect to the hypocrites
Grazing the cabbages mortifères
Of a table which is exhausted.

VII
By Quetzalcoatl,
Cihuatcoatl,
And Tlazoltéotl,
Mictanchihuatl,
Chicomécoatl,
And Even Yaotl,
Who bundled Xolotl?
Odious Teccuciztécatl
With brettelé Tzintéotl
While Omécihuatl
Schtroumpfait a little peyotl.

VIII
The drink of choice:
An anchovy syrup
With Vichy water,
The perfume of choice:
Garlic of Cauchois
Signed by Cauchy;
Do not do so many fuss,
Because it is with me that it falls
To lay an enriched egg
Who in a wash-hand basin choit
And exclaims: "Mamamouchi!"

IX
Grumpy Priam
A sélam offered
In Mathusalem,
With the wearing of Amsterdam
The madapolam
Cover the totem;
When a crémeux mokkadem
Meet vibrating a imam,
Qui tente le grand chelem
?Peut-être un roi de Potsdam
Ou un gars de Béthléem.

X
Veni, vidi, zut !
Lulle à Lilliput
Se magna l'arçon
-Hocus, pocus, chut !
La biblique
RuthAime les garçons;
Son mari dort sans soupçon
Dans les vers de l'occiput
D'un poète à Besançon
Qui ne songe au préciput
Ni à la contrefaçon.

XI
Un chat quadrilingue
Dans une carlingue
Déclenche un esclandre
Et une meringue
Pointe sa seringue
Vers l'homme au scaphandre;
"Sandwich à la salamandre !"
Réclame un steward cradingue,
"Ou mélasse et palissandre !"
Ajoute-t-il d'un ton dingue,
Avec sa voix de calandre.



[1] Likely Guillaume de Machaut, who was a medieval French poet (c. 1300 to 1377).
[2] A French poet, composer and chronicler (1435 to Aug 23, 1507).